Technical Notes > Radiated Fields > Array Factors           

Power Normalizations

When the array factor feature is in use, the power normalization used to compute realized gain, gain, and directivity are modified as follows.

Let , , and denote the incident, accepted, and radiated power of the single array element. When the array factor feature is invoked for an array of N elements, the array incident power, array accepted power, and the array radiated power will be computed simply as the sums of the corresponding element powers. Symbolically

(13)

(14)

(15)

Caution: The above power array formulas are applicable to uniform excitation of large planar arrays analyzed using a unit cell with linked boundaries. For array elements that have been analyzed in isolation, only the incident power formula is rigorous, and the accepted and radiated power normalizations are generally not accurate.